Check out the slides Ulrich Kohn presented at this week's LTE World Summit 2014. This is all about AnyCell Connectivity and mobile radio technology

1. Ulrich Kohn – Director Technical Marketing
LTE World Summit 2014
AnyCell Connectivity
Supporting any Mobile Radio Technology

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3GPP Radio Interface Innovation
From 2G trough 4G and beyond …
QoS
Management
More
Spectrum
Air Interface
Evolution
Carrier
Aggregation
Spectrum
Re-Use
Interference
Coordination

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AnyCell™ Connectivity
Evolved
Packet CoreMacro Cell
Small Cell
Small Cell
(RRH)
Macro Cell
Hub Site
Small Cell
(RRH)
Backhaul and fronthaul efficiency for radio access networks
Managed Fronthaul
Connectivity
Assured Time/Phase
Synchronization
Agenda:

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Application Radio Interface Backhaul
Frequency Phase Frequency Phase
CDMA 2000 ±50ppb ±3 to 10µs GPS GPS
GSM ±50ppb n/a ±16ppb n/a
WCDMA ±50ppb n/a ±16ppb n/a
LTE (FDD) ±50ppb n/a ±16ppb n/a
LTE (TDD) ±50ppb ±1.5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs
LTE-A MBSFN ±50ppb ±1 to 5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs
LTE-A CoMP ±50ppb ±1 to 5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs
LTE-A eICIC ±50ppb ±1 to 5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs
Mobile Backhaul Synchronization Needs
new
new

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Network-based timing distribution
• ITU-T Synchronous Ethernet: Good long-term
solution for hop-by-hop frequency distribution
• IEEE 1588v2 – Precision Time Protocol: Favored
solution for combined frequency & phase
alignment
GNSS-based synchronization
• GPS or GLONASS: Global coverage with
availability challenges
Combination required to meet precision and availability targets
IEEE 1588
GPS/
GNSS
SyncE
RAN Synchronization Options

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Synchronization Delivery Challenges
Jitter, wander and asymmetric delay are causing timing error
Frequency
Synchronization
Time/Phase
Synchronization
Delay Asymmetry
Packet Delay Variation

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• Antennas must have line-of-
sight to multiple satellites
• Easy to jam both maliciously
and unintentionally
• Interference caused by
weather conditions
• Reflections at tall buildings in
urban canyons
Challenges with GNSS
Availability issues plus high deployment and maintenance cost
Radio
Base Station
GNSS

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• Frequency holdover to within 16ppb for 72 hours is practical
• Rubidium or dual-oven quartz technology
• No oscillator technology will achieve the required holdover
performance of ±1µs over 72 hours
• Rubidium clock will hold ±1µs for 8 hours
• PRTC-quality Cesium clock will hold ±1µs for one day
• ±1µs over 72 hours equals approximately 0.004ppb
Holdover Boundary Conditions
Need to constantly track a reference for time protection

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1588v2 PTP Frequency Synchronization
Over-the-top implementation across non-sync-aware backhaul
T-GM
GNSS
PRTC
PTP
Grandmaster
PTP
Slave Clock
Packet-Based Backhaul Network
T-SC
Radio
Base Station

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1588v2 PTP for Phase Synchronization
Lacking end-to-end control of delay asymmetry in the network
T-GM
GNSS
PRTC
PTP
Grandmaster
PTP
Slave Clock
Packet-Based Backhaul Network
T-SC
Radio
Base Station
Each network element needs to be
PTP-aware (T-BC)

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Combined APTS and mini-GM Deployment
Efficient and highly available synchronization of radio base stations
T-GM
GNSS
PRTC
PTP
Grandmaster
Packet-Based Backhaul Network
APTS
mini-GM
Local
Base Station
GNSS
Remote
Base Station
T-SC
T-SC
T-SC
T-SC

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Visibility Across the Entire Network
Monitoring the performance of the synchronization infrastructure
T-GM
GNSS
PRTC
PTP
Grandmaster
APTS
mini-GM
Probe
Local
Base Station
GNSS
Remote
Base Station
T-SC
T-SC
T-SC
T-SC
End-to-End Measurement of
Delay Asymmetry
Remote
Slave Clock
Testing
Local
Slave Clock
Testing
Packet-Based Backhaul Network
Self-Calibration and
Clock Validation

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• Precise and robust delivery of
phase synchronization
• Combining grandmaster with network-
based synchronization distribution
• Suitable for network upgrade and
greenfield applications
• Synchronization delivery and most advanced assurance functions
OSA 5410
FSP 150SP-100
APTS and mini-GM in a Single Device
Simplifying the evolution to TD-LTE and LTE-Advanced

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From Remote Radio Head to Cloud-RAN
RRH
RRH
RRH
BBU
RRH
RRH
BBU
RRH
EPC
CPRI
CPRI
S1
S1
X2
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
EPC
CPRI
CPRI
S1
X2
BBU
Pool
Centralizing control for improved flexibility and efficiency

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• Benefits
• Tight interference and
spectrum coordination
• Highest spectral efficiency
• Phase synchronization of
RRHs not required
• Small footprint and simple
deployment
• Challenges
• Low-latency, high bandwidth
connection
• CPRI needs to be transported
over fiber
• Limited reach
• WiFi small cells not supported
by CPRI standard
Centralized vs. Distributed BBUs
Fronthaul and backhaul will co-exist for RAN interconnection

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Passive DWDM for Fronthaul Connectivity
Challenge: passive DWDM lacks ability to assure service integrity
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRHRRHRRH
Small Cell Small Cell Small Cell
Macro Cell
Centralized
BBU Pool
FSP 3000
ALM

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Access Link Monitoring (ALM)
Access Link Monitoring (ALM) is designed for
intelligent passive optical multiplexing
• Clear demarcation of fiber infrastructure to the rest
of the equipment through use of a probe reflector
• Simplified root cause analysis as ALM supervises the
health of the fiber infrastructure
• Simple integration into NMS by north-bound
interface
CPE
Device
Access Fiber Link
Probe In/OutProbe Reflect
CO
Device
Reflectance
1x
Measurement Principle
Distance

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OptojackTM Fronthaul Monitoring
Non-intrusive fiber monitoring and optical service assurance
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRHRRHRRH
Small Cell Small Cell Small Cell
Macro Cell
Centralized
BBU Pool
FSP 3000
ALM
FSP
Service Manager
Probe Reflect

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Why ADVA Optical Networking?
Fronthaul
Network
Active and passive
solutions for
managing
connectivity
Comprehensive
Portfolio
Synchronisation
DWDM
Carrier Ethernet
Assurance
Synchronization
Enablement
Different needs
even with same
network ask for
versatile solution
ADVA Optical Networks protects your investment and
paves the way to higher network performance

20. Thank You
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