1. HISTORY OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION:
1648 TO PRESENT
MEETING 24:
WORLD WAR II AND THE SHOAH

2. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
October 1911
10 October
Wuchang Rebellion against Qing
dynasty (Xinhai Revolution)
January 1912
1 January
Republic of China established under
Provisional President Sun Yat-sen
and the Kuomintang Party (KMT)
1913-1927
China split by factions and rival
governments
July 1921
Communist Party of China forms
1927
Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang
Party (KMT) establish a new
government in Nanking, making it a
priority to undermine Soviet influence
and the increasingly popular
Communist party. Civil War begins.
1914-1918
WWI/Russian Revolution
1918-1921
Russian Civil War
1922
Mussolini’s March on Rome
1927
Joseph Stalin consolidates power

3. September 1931
18 September
Japanese invade Manchuria
July 1937
7 July
War declared between China and
Japan (Second Sino-Japanese War)
12 December 1937-February 1937
Nanking Massacre. Japanese army
kills over 200,000 POWs and
civilians. 20,000 women raped.
October 1929
29 October
US Stock Market Crash
January 1933
30 January
Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany
March 1933
23 March
Enabling Act gives Hitler ability to create laws
without approval of Reichstag
1936-1939
Spanish Civil War
March 1938
12 March
Anschluss, annexation of Austria
September 1938
30 September
Munich Pact

4. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
1868 Overthrow of Queen Isabella II (House of Bourbon)
1873 Abdication of King Amadeo I (House of Savoy)
1873-74 1st Spanish Republic
1874 Restoration of Bourbons, Alfonso XII (r. 1874-85)
1886-31 Alfonso XIII
1923-30 Dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera (Prime
Minister)
1931 Abdication of Alfonso XIII
1931-36 2nd Spanish Republic
1936-39 Civil War

5. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
a. General Franco and
the Nacionales
b. Republicanos

6. Pablo Picasso. Guernica. 1937. oil on canvas. 349 cm × 776 cm. Museo Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain. Designed on behalf of the
Spanish Republican government of the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne at the 1937 World's
Fair in Paris.

7. Joan Miró. Aidez L'Espagne. 1937. lithograph.
Inscription: “In this present battle I see on the fascist
side just the outdated forces, and on the other side,
the people whose immense creative resources
which will give Spain a power which will astonish the
whole world”

8. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
a. General Franco and
the Nacionales
b. Republicanos
c. International
Involvement

10. September 1931
18 September
Japanese invade Manchuria
July 1937
7 July
War declared between China and
Japan (Second Sino-Japanese War)
12 December 1937-February 1937
Nanking Massacre. Japanese army
kills over 200,000 POWs and
civilians. 20,000 women raped.
October 1929
29 October
US Stock Market Crash
January 1933
30 January
Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany
March 1933
23 March
Enabling Act gives Hitler ability to create laws
without approval of Reichstag
1936-1939
Spanish Civil War
March 1938
12 March
Anschluss, annexation of Austria
September 1938
30 September
Munich Pact

11. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
2. Second Sino-Japanese
War (July 7, 1937-
September 9, 1945),
Don't fear death, don't love money, love the nation,
love the people / Bupa si bu ai qian ai guojia ai
baixing ( 不怕死不爱钱爱国家爱百姓 ). ca. 1937.
Publisher: Junshi weiyuanhui zhengxunchu ( 军事委
员会政训处 ). 64.5x39 cm. Landsberger collection,
BG D25/196. http://chineseposters.net/posters/d25-
196.php

13. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
2. Second Sino-Japanese
War (July 7, 1937-
September 9, 1945)
3. Hitler’s Actions

15. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
1. Spanish Civil War
2. Second Sino-Japanese
War (July 7, 1937-
September 9, 1945)
3. Hitler’s Actions
a. Remilitarization of
Rhineland (1936)
b. Anschluss, annexation
of Austria (1938)
c. Sudetenland and
Appeasement (1938)
Neville Chamberlain Holding Munich Pact

17. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
1. Warfare

18. August 1939
23 August 1939
German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
September 1939
1 September
Germany invades Poland
17 September
USSR invades Poland
November 1939
30 November
USSR invades Finland
April 1940
9 April
Germany invades Denmark and Norway
May 1940
10 May 1940
German Army invades France, Belgium,
Luxembourg and the Netherlands

19. December 1940
6 December
Japanese invade French Indochina
June 1941
US begins oil embargo of Japan in response to
invasion of French Indochina
July 1941
Japanese invade Dutch Indochina to secure oil
supplies
December 1941
6 December
Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor
June 1940
10 June 1940
Italy declares war on Britain and France
22 June 1940
Germany defeats France
July 1940
10 July
Battle of Britain Begins
September 1940
27 September
Japan joins Axis powers
December 1940
9 December
Britain begins counteroffensive in N.
Africa
June 1941
22 June
Germany invades USSR (Operation
Barbarossa)
August 25 to September 17, 1941
Britain and USSR invade Iran to secure
oil fields

22. Georgii Zelma. Soviet soldier waving the Red Banner over the central plaza of Stalingrad. 1943. Allgemeiner Deutscher
Nachrichtendienst - Zentralbild (Bild 183). Accession number: Bild 183-W0506-316.

23. D-Day, 6 June 1944. US National Archives

25. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
1. Warfare
2. Home Front
a. Rosie the Riveter
Alfred T. Palmer, U.S. Office of War Information. A "Rosie the Riveter" operating a
hand drill at Vultee-Nashville, Tennessee, working on an A-31 Vengeance dive
bomber. c. February 1943. Library of Congress, call number LC-USW36-295
(P&P)

26. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
1. Warfare
2. Home Front
a. Rosie the Riveter
b. Propaganda
WWII Propaganda Poster.
Indiana World War Memorial.

27. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
1. Warfare
2. Home Front
3. The Shoah: Discussion

28. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
C. WWII in the Pacific
1. Warfare

29. December 1940
6 December
Japanese invade French Indochina
June 1941
US begins oil embargo of Japan in response to
invasion of French Indochina
July 1941
Japanese invade Dutch Indochina to secure oil
supplies
December 1941
6 December
Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor
June 1940
10 June 1940
Italy declares war on Britain and France
22 June 1940
Germany defeats France
July 1940
10 July
Battle of Britain Begins
September 1940
27 September
Japan joins Axis powers
December 1940
9 December
Britain begins counteroffensive in N.
Africa
June 1941
22 June
Germany invades USSR (Operation
Barbarossa)
August 25 to September 17, 1941
Britain and USSR invade Iran to secure
oil fields

31. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
C. WWII in the Pacific
1. Warfare
2. The Home Front
ca. 1920. National Japanese American Historical
Society

32. 19 February 1942: Roosevelt signs United States Executive Order 9066, legalizing internment camps.
Forces deportation of 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom were citizens and legal
immigrants. Half of these people were children

33. I. The Political Stage
A. The Road to War
B. WWII in Europe
C. WWII in the Pacific
1. Warfare
2. The Home Front
3. The Nuclear Age

34. “There were people, barely breathing, trying
to push their intestines back in. People with
their legs wrenched off. Or with faces burned
and swollen out of shape. The scene I saw
was a living hell.”
Yamaoka Michiko
http://www.youtub e.com/watch?v=IuTBlGiLPFs

35. The human toll of a nuclear blast.
Msnbc.com's Dara Brown looks back at the
devastating aftermath of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. Produced by Kevin Flynn and John
Asterita.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/20
108492#20108492