The document summarizes a proof-of-concept (POC) project conducted by Intel IT to test the performance and total cost of ownership (TCO) of virtualized server platforms based on Intel Xeon and AMD Opteron processors. Key findings from testing various workloads on VMware ESX Server 3.01 include: - Servers based on Intel Xeon X5355 provided 1.25-2.33x higher absolute performance than AMD Opteron-based servers. - The Intel Xeon platform delivered 1.83-1.94x better performance-per-dollar and 1.46-1.97x better performance-per-watt than AMD Op

1. 如何采用虚拟化降低服务器整体拥有成本 －英特尔案例 梁岩 英特尔 ® 企业解决方案 中国大区技术部经理

2. 虚拟化的商业价值 服务器集成 多应用 / 操作系统 － 在很多情况下是 10:1 HW HW HW VMM 灾难恢复 HW VMM HW VMM 支持高级 业务连贯性 HW VMM HW VMM 利用头空间平衡利用率 动态负载平衡 操作系统 应用程序 1 CPU 使用 30% CPU 使用 90% 支持快速部署 研发 生产 HW VMM 更高的利用率和独立性，更低的总体拥有成本 … 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 … 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 2 操作系统 App 3 操作系统 应用程序 … 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 … 操作系统 应用程序 操作系统 应用程序 2

3. 价值 VS. 成本－ TCO 考虑 System operations Operations Application operations End user operations End-User Usage Productivity loss System software Technical infrastructure Hardware/Software Ongoing Costs Application software TCO Model Business setup Testing Implementation Hardware/Software Investment Process design Project management Training Upgrade Projects Continuous Improvement Projects System software Technical infrastructure Application software Organizational change Technical setup Continuous business improvements Continuous technical improvements Rollouts System upgrade Application upgrade Invest. costs Ongoing costs 我们如何估算虚拟化为 TCO 带来的益处呢？ Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3

11. 测试拓扑架构 VMware ESX Server 3.0.1* 存储设备 SAN 客户端 LAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) 测试系统 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. LAN local area network LUN logical unit number SAN storage area network VMware ESX Server 3.0.1 build-32039* 虚机

18. 成本比较总览 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. 基于 Intel 至强 X5355 (2.66 GHz) 的服务器系统以两路的价格提供了超过竞争者四路的性能 = 革命性的虚拟化平台选择 Performance comparisons made using an internal virtualization workload on Dual-Core Intel Xeon 5160 vs. Quad-Core Intel Xeon 5300 Series vs. Dual-Core AMD Opteron 2220SE and 885 systems. Actual performance may vary. See your Intel representative for more information. Intel Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with a processor, chipset, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM) and applications enabled for virtualization technology. Functionality, performance or other virtualization technology benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Virtualization technology-enabled BIOS and VMM applications are currently in development . 1 See page titled “System Pricing Information and Assumptions” 2 See page titled “VMware* Infrastructure 3 Packaging” 1 2

20. TCO 模型 : 关键假设 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. Performance comparisons made using an internal virtualization workload on Dual-Core Intel Xeon 5160 vs. Quad-Core Intel Xeon 5300 Series vs. Dual-Core AMD Opteron 2220SE and 885 systems. Actual performance may vary. See your Intel representative for more information. Intel Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with a processor, chipset, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM) and applications enabled for virtualization technology. Functionality, performance or other virtualization technology benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Virtualization technology-enabled BIOS and VMM applications are currently in development. 15% 估算的价格折扣 USD 3,000 ， 10 年 估算的每机柜铜线及光纤的费用，包括折旧 LAN/SAN 端口和布线 USD 300 ， 4 年 估算的 GbE LAN 端口成本 , 包括折旧 USD 700 ， 4 年 估算的光光纤 FC SAN 端口成本 , 包括折旧 6 GbE (LAN), 2 FC (SAN) 估算的 LAN/SAN 端口 / 服务器 25 SF 典型 平方英尺 (SF)/ 机柜 估算 多少物理服务器 / 支持人员 估算每年支持人员成本 典型每度电成本 典型数据中心承建费用 典型折旧周期 典型耗电和制冷消耗放大因子 每平方英尺耗电 (WPSF) 繁忙时间 VMware Virtual Infrastructure 3 Enterprise* 公开报价 估算的 虚机 / 服务器 ( 基于准则 ) 测量的绝对性能 ( 系统计算能力 ) 测量的功耗 ( 繁忙 , 空闲 ) (est. for X5355 24G ) 服务器价格估算 – 15% 折扣 – 包括 16 GB 内存 (4 核 相同 ), 24 GB 内存 （ 8 核系统 ) , 双口 HBA (USD ~1,500), 四端口 NIC (USD ~500) 项目 假设 类别 8 VMs / 基于 Opteron 2220SE 处理器的服务器 USD 5,750 / 双路 ; 4 年 软件 USD 100,000 每人每年 支持成本 250 物理服务器 / 支持人员 支持能力 USD 0.08 USD 1,000 / 平方英尺 7 AM – 7 PM (12 小时 ) 使用时间 服务器信息 15 年 2.0x 80 数据中心

22. 整体拥有成本相关数据 ( 越低越好 ) 运营成本 , 软件费用 , LAN/SAN 和数据中心 Intel® Xeon® processor X5355 在虚拟化方面为客户带来较大成本节省 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. 更好的性能 / 成本 最高性能表示最少服务器 最高的性能 / 软件版税成本 最好的性能 / 瓦 最好的性能 / 瓦 最高的性能表示最少的服务器

23. *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. 基于 Intel Xeon X5355 处理器的服务器系统能够比竞争对手降低整体拥有成本达 37-40% Intel Xeon x5355 的卓越定位使得客户在固定预算下获取更多虚拟化能力并有效降低拥有成本 整体拥有成本分析结果 基于 Intel® Xeon® X5355 处理器的服务器系统在相同的拥有成本情况下能提供超越竞争对手 66 % 的虚拟机环境。 - 37% - 40%

25. 附件 （英文资料）

26. OLTP Workload *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. ESX Server 3.0.1* Storage Frame SAN Driver Clients 1-4 LAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) Database server Guest VMs 1-4 System under Test 3.6 2 4 Database server VMs each one driven by its own client “driver” VM Mem GB Vcpu per VM VMs Test workload used by IT Database Technology staff to evaluate OLTP platform of different platforms, S/W releases etc; it is a multi-threaded work-load Workload Description Primary: Average (aggregated across all 4 VMs) transactions per second (TPS) Others: Number of Users (Input), Average Response time (Output) Key Metrics Load up VMs by increasing simulated user count (identically across all 4 VMs) until ESX utilization approaches 65%; Same VMs/workloads run on all systems tested Test Strategy Normalize results to 65% utilization Normalization strategy Description Item

27. OLTP: Large Workload ESX Server 3.0.1* Storage Frame SAN Driver Clients 1-4 LAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) Database server Guest VMs 1-2 System under Test *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. 3.6 4 2 Database server VMs each one driven by its client “driver” VM Mem GB Vcpu per VM VMs Test workload used by IT Database Technology staff to evaluate OLTP platform of different platforms, S/W releases etc; it is a multi-threaded work-load Workload Description Primary: Average (aggregated across both VMs) transactions per second (TPS) Others: Number of Users (Input), Average Response time (Output) Key Metrics Load up VMs by increasing simulated user count (identically across the 2 VMs) until ESX utilization approaches 65%; Same VMs/workloads run on all systems tested Test Strategy Normalize results to 65% utilization Normalization strategy Description Item

28. Email Metrics Workload *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. ESX Server 3.0.1* Storage Frame SAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) Email Metrics Guest VMs 1-4 System under Test 4 2 (All systems) 4 Database server VMs each one running one email metrics report VM Mem GB Vcpu per VM VMs Reports used by IT Messaging engineering and product management to analyze Email messaging metrics; storage bandwidth and compute intensive; can use up to 2 threads per VM Workload Description Email metrics reports per hour aggregated across all VMs Key Metrics Execute all VMs concurrently – representing concurrent execution of 4 email reports Record average ESX server utilization to achieve measured/reported results Same VMs/workloads run on all systems tested Test Strategy Normalize results to 65% utilization Normalization strategy Description Item

29. Enterprise Directory Workload *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. ESX Server 3.0.1* Storage Frame SAN Driver Clients 1-4 LAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) Directory server Guest VMs 1-4 System under Test 2 2 VM Mem GB 100% (8 vcpu on 8 cores) 2 (8-core systems) 4 Directory server VMs each one driven by its own client “driver” 100% (4 vcpu on 4 cores) 2 (4-core systems) 2 Directory server VMs each one driven by its own client “driver” vCpu over-subscription Vcpu per VM VMs Test workload used by IT Directory engineering team to evaluate Directory server performance of different platforms, releases, configurations etc; it is a multi-threaded work-load Workload Description Primary: LDAP searches per second aggregated across all VMs (4 VMs on systems with 8 cores; 2 VMs on systems with 4 cores) Others: total execution time Key Metrics Load up VMs by increasing simulated user count (identically across all VMs) until ESX utilization approaches 65%; 4 VMs on systems with 8 cores; 2 VMs on systems with 4 cores – comparable over-subscription levels on all systems and yielded best results on all systems tested Test Strategy Normalize results to 65% utilization Normalization strategy Description Item

30. Business Reporting Application Workload ESX Server 3.0.1* Storage Frame SAN Driver Client LAN LUNs RAID-5 (15 drives) 2 (4-core) or 4 (8-core) web server guest VMs 1 Database server Guest VM System under Test *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. Representative of a highly utilized set of enterprise reports served to a large number of users - financial reports, customer data etc... . Included in the testing is also some general Website navigation to exercise web servers; heavily multi-threaded workload Workload Description Transaction per second aggregated across all VMs as well as average response time are the application metrics of interest Key Metrics Load up VMs by increasing simulated user count (identically across all VMs) at various load levels Same VMs/workloads run on all systems tested (except on 4 core systems only 2 front-end VMs were enabled and the backend VM was downsized to 2 vcpus (compared with 4 vcpu on the 8 core systems) – this “difference” resulted in comparable vcpu “over-subscription” (1.5X) on all systems Test Strategy Normalize results to 65% utilization Normalization strategy Description Item 4 core systems 8 core systems 2 4 2 4 VM Memory GB 150% (12 vcpu on 8 cores) 4 1 Database reporting server servicing requests from the front-end web server VMs 2 Load balanced 4 web server VMs driven by one client “driver” simulating variable number of users 150% (6 vcpu on 4 cores) 2 1 Database reporting server 2 Load balanced 2 web server VMs vCpu over-subscription Vcpu per VM VMs

31. *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. System Configurations

32. VMware* Infrastructure 3 Packaging *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. Above diagram copyrighted by VMware, used by permission Self-optimizing data center Department/ data center Remote office/ retail office Target Enterprise Standard Starter USD 5,750 USD 3,750 USD 1,000 Price (per 2-processor, North America) Consolidated backup VMware VMotion* VMware Virtual SMP* VMware VMFS* cluster file system VMware VirtualCenter Agent* VMware ESX Server 3* DRS (Distributed Resource Scheduling) HA (High Availability)

34. Relative Metrics (1 of 2) *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. Performance comparisons made using an internal virtualization workload on Dual-Core Intel Xeon 5160 vs. Quad-Core Intel Xeon 5300 Series vs. Dual-Core AMD Opteron 2220SE and 885 systems. Actual performance may vary. See your Intel representative for more information. Intel Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with a processor, chipset, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM) and applications enabled for virtualization technology. Functionality, performance or other virtualization technology benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Virtualization technology-enabled BIOS and VMM applications are currently in development.

35. Relative Metrics (2 of 2) *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries. Performance comparisons made using an internal virtualization workload on Dual-Core Intel Xeon 5160 vs. Quad-Core Intel Xeon 5300 Series vs. Dual-Core AMD Opteron 2220SE and 885 systems. Actual performance may vary. See your Intel representative for more information. Intel Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with a processor, chipset, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM) and applications enabled for virtualization technology. Functionality, performance or other virtualization technology benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Virtualization technology-enabled BIOS and VMM applications are currently in development.

36. System Pricing Information and Assumptions *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel, the Intel logo and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the US or other countries.