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Durante as últimas décadas, o uso indiscriminado de cefalosporinas tem sido
acompanhado pela emergência de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de beta-
lactamases de espectro ampliado (ESBL). Desde então, o uso de Carbapenêmicos
(Imipenem e Meropenem) tem aumentado devido à sua atividade antibacteriana de
amplo espectro e sua resistência à hidrolise por produtores de ESBL.
Entretanto, ultimamente esta ocorrendo a difusão de enterobactérias resistentes a
todos os antibióticos, inclusive os carbapenemicos, o que deixa pouquíssimas opções
terapêuticas para os pacientes infectados com tais bactérias. Essa nova resistência
vem sendo atribuída, principalmente à produção de uma betalactamase: KPC. A KPC
tem a capacidade de hidrolisar de maneira eficiente penicilinas, cefalosporinas,
monobactâmicos e carbapenêmicos.
O primeiro relato é de 1996 em um artigo publicado em 2001. O primeiro relato no
Brasil foi em 2009.
Antes o problema era considerado de disseminação clonal, mas hoje sabe-se que é
um problema global de dispersão entre as espécies.
As bactérias produtoras de KPC geralmente possuem o gene bla kpc localizado no
transposon Tn4401, que tem grande potencial de disseminação devido à sua
localização em plasmídeos.
O mais preocupante é que o tratamento de infecções causadas por esse
microorganismo é extremamente difícil por sua multirresistência, o que resulta em
altas taxas de mortalidade.
Um diagnóstico rápido e preciso de isolados produtores de KPC permite antecipar o
tratamento e torna-lo mais efetivo, evitando tratamento empírico inapropriado e
diminuindo as chances de disseminação de tais patogenos. As opções de tratamento
são quinolonas, aminoglicosídeos, polimixinas ou combinação de agentes.

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Apresentação kpc

  • 1. Durante as últimas décadas, o uso indiscriminado de cefalosporinas tem sido acompanhado pela emergência de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de beta- lactamases de espectro ampliado (ESBL). Desde então, o uso de Carbapenêmicos (Imipenem e Meropenem) tem aumentado devido à sua atividade antibacteriana de amplo espectro e sua resistência à hidrolise por produtores de ESBL. Entretanto, ultimamente esta ocorrendo a difusão de enterobactérias resistentes a todos os antibióticos, inclusive os carbapenemicos, o que deixa pouquíssimas opções terapêuticas para os pacientes infectados com tais bactérias. Essa nova resistência vem sendo atribuída, principalmente à produção de uma betalactamase: KPC. A KPC tem a capacidade de hidrolisar de maneira eficiente penicilinas, cefalosporinas, monobactâmicos e carbapenêmicos. O primeiro relato é de 1996 em um artigo publicado em 2001. O primeiro relato no Brasil foi em 2009. Antes o problema era considerado de disseminação clonal, mas hoje sabe-se que é um problema global de dispersão entre as espécies. As bactérias produtoras de KPC geralmente possuem o gene bla kpc localizado no transposon Tn4401, que tem grande potencial de disseminação devido à sua localização em plasmídeos. O mais preocupante é que o tratamento de infecções causadas por esse microorganismo é extremamente difícil por sua multirresistência, o que resulta em altas taxas de mortalidade. Um diagnóstico rápido e preciso de isolados produtores de KPC permite antecipar o tratamento e torna-lo mais efetivo, evitando tratamento empírico inapropriado e diminuindo as chances de disseminação de tais patogenos. As opções de tratamento são quinolonas, aminoglicosídeos, polimixinas ou combinação de agentes.