To know what a paragraph and how to create it in EFL teaching-learning writing course

1. Rida Wahyuningrum

2. What is Paragraph?
A paragraph is a basic unit of
organization in writing in which a
group of related sentences develop
one main idea.

3. Components of
a Paragraph Supporting
Topic
Sentence
Sentences
Concluding
Sentence
A
PARAGRAPH

4. 1. Topic Sentence
a sentence which limits the topic to one or
two specific areas (controlling idea) being
discussed completely in a single paragraph
Topic Sentence  Topic + Controlling Idea

5. Getting ideas to
write a single
paragraph
sometimes is
difficult.
The ideas can be too broad that it will be too
large to cover in a single paragraph.
MAKE THE GENERAL
INTO
THE SPECIFIC

6. REMEMBER!
The topic
must be
specific!

7. Women too general
You can get confused to
develop your paragraph
because it’s too broad.
A special woman I know
My Mother
You can easily develop it
into a paragraph
My mother at her
seventeenth specific

8. The General Topic
Birds

9. The Specific Topic
• The robin of my father
• My grandpa’s grief on his seventy-third birthday
• Joe’s knowledge on kinds of tropical birds
• How to raise peacocks
• Similarities between Hawaiian and Red Tailed hawks
• Differences between eagles and hawks
• Joanne’s amusement on bird watching

11. General Topic: Birds
Limited Topic:
The robin of my
father
Topic Sentence:
The robin of my father
is always interesting

12. Topic: My grandpa’s grief on his seventy-third
birthday
I accidentally killed my grandpa’s parrot on
his seventy-third birthday.

13. Topic: Joe’s knowledge on kinds of tropical
birds
Joe, my neighbor,
is very good at
telling me the
many kinds of
tropical birds.

14. Topic: How to raise peacocks
My second boy friend
taught me how to raise
peacocks.

15. Topic: Similarities
between Hawaiian
and Red Tailed
hawks
Hawaiian hawks
have things in
common with
those of Red Tailed
hawks.

16. Topic:
Differences
between
eagles and
hawks
Do you know the
differences
between eagles
and hawks?

17. Topic: Joanne’s amusement on bird watching
Joanne always finds bird watching
amusing.

18. 2. Supporting Sentences
sentences that develop the topic sentence;
they explain the topic sentence by giving
elaboration, reasons, examples, facts,
statistics, and quotations
To produce such supporting sentences, you
can ask a proper question to the controlling
idea of the topic sentence.

19. • Topic
My mother, at her
seventeenth
• Topic Sentence
My mother, at her
seventeen, gave me a
close look of a radiant
actress in her time.
• Supporting Sentences
a. Her face
b. The way she dressed
c. Her hair

20. SUPPORTING SENTENCES
HER FACE THE WAY SHE
DRESSED
HER HAIR
CLOTHES
EYES
COLOUR
LIPS ACCESSORIES
ACCESSORRIES
NOSE
CARE
COMPLEXION

21. Her Face
• If you see Angelina
Jolie, you would
probably agree that
my mom’s face was
just exactly like hers.
The Way She Dressed
• My mom always
updated her dress
style.
Her Hair Style
• Her hair was
amazingly styled.

22. Her Face
If you see Angelina
Jolie, you would
probably agree that
my mom’s face was
just exactly like hers.
1) when I see her eyes, they are
big and sparkling, just like Jolie’s
when she’s staring.
2) Being famous for her sensual
lips, Jolie seems to share the
same sensuality with my
mom’s.
3) Her nose, of course, resembles
Jolie’s : a pointed one.
4) As I do to Jolie’s , I adore her
complexion for it’s so smoothly
clean as if you would always fail
to see even a shadowed spot
on.

23. The Way She Dressed
My mom always
updated her dress
style.
1) She always followed the trend.
For example, in most of her
photographs, she was dressed
in up-to-date.
2) Accompanying her dressing
style, she would never forget
her accessories. The most loved
one was her brilliantly-
decorated earrings.
3) She was often seen in her
fantastic party dresses in some
extravaganza events.

24. Her Hair Style
Her hair was
amazingly styled.
1) She looked like having freedom
of her life with her dark
medium wavy hair.
2) The one that I never forget is
when she had cute two pigtails
with cloth-made hair
accessories.
3) She regularly visited her hair
stylist to take care of her
beautiful hair.

26. 3. Concluding Sentence
a sentence that signals the end of the
paragraph and leaves the reader with
important points to remember
In writing a concluding sentence, you can
paraphrase your topic sentence in various
ways.

27. • Topic
My mother, at her
seventeenth
• Topic Sentence
My mother, at her
seventeen, gave me a close
look of a radiant actress in
her time.
• Supporting Sentences
a. Her face
b. The way she dressed
• Concluding Sentence
For me, looking at all her
photographs, my mother is
still the best “actress”.

28. How to
transfer those
ideas into a
well-built
paragraph?

29. ADD some transitions, introductory sentences,
and examples

30. The
Paragraph

32. Rida Wahyuningrum